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Table. 1 Selected demographic, economic and primary (mental) healthcare system indicators in India

From: The architecture of the primary mental healthcare system for older people in India: what public policies tell us

Indicator

Data

Demographic and socioeconomic

 

 Total population (2018) [107]

1,352,642,000

 Females as a % of the total population (2018) [107]

48

 Total population living in rural areas in % (2011) [18]

69

 Population 60 + years (millions of inhabitants in 2011) [18]

104

 Females 60 + years in % (2011) [18]

52.2

 Population 60 + years living in rural areas in % (2011) [18]

71

 Population 60 + years expected in 2050 (in million) [108]

330

 Life expectancy at birth for both sexes (2018) [107]

68

 Effective literacy rate in % of the total population (2011) [18]

73

 Effective literacy rate in % of the population 60 + (2011) [18]

44

 Human Development Index (2019) [109]

0.645

 Gini coefficient (2010–2018) [109]

37.8

Public health expenditure

 

 Gross domestic product (GDP, US$ per capita in 2019) [110]

2099.60

 Domestic general government health expenditure (GGHE-D) as a percentage of general government expenditure (GGE) in % (2017) [107]

3.4

 Domestic private expenditure on health as a % of current health expenditure (2018) [111]

72.4

 Mental health expenditure as a % of the total health budget (2011) [46]a

0.06

 Government health expenditure on primary care as a % of total health expenditure (2016–17) [112]

52.1

Characteristics of the health system

 

 Population with health coverage in % (here of % covered by public insurance; 2017–2018) [113]

37.2 (78)

 PHC with gatekeeping function to specialized care [114]

Limited gate keeping function

 Registration at a PHC centre

Yes

 Predominant mode of provision in primary and specialized care

Private

 Predominant organization in specialized ambulatory care

Hospital outpatient departments

 Portfolio of services defined at the central level

Yes

 Freedom of choice of doctors in primary care

Yes

Mental health facilities

 

 Mental health outpatient facilities (per 100,000, absolute number in parentheses, 2011) [46]

0.33 (4000)

 Psychiatric beds in general hospitals (per 100,000, absolute number in parentheses, 2011) [46]

0.82 (10,000)

 Mental hospitals (per 100,000, absolute number in parentheses, 2011) [46]

0.004 (43)

 Beds in mental hospitals (per 100,000, absolute number in parentheses, 2011) [46]

1.47 (17,835)

(Mental) health resources

 

 Psychiatrists (per 100,000; 2011) [46]

0.3

 Nurses (per 100,000; 2011) [46]

0.17

 Psychologists (per 100,000; 2011) [46]

0.05

 Social workers (per 100,000; 2011) [46]

0.03

  1. a Due to the federal system of governance in India, each of the 35 states and union territories/administrations has its own mental health budget; the number refers to the Central Government